Tolerates semipermanent to permanently flooded conditions (Max: 30”/Min: 2” to
moist soil).
Wildlife Value
Achenes are eaten by ducks, geese, rails, and shorebirds. Muskrats eat aerial
stems and rootstocks. Provides spawning habitat for bluegills and bass.
Application/Zone
Used in lower shoreline zones for erosion control at a depth of 1-6 inches
(shallow standing water). Plants may be uprooted by wave action. Also used in
vegetated swales.
Availability, Establishment, and Maintenance
Rhizomes, rootstock, tubers, and transplants are available from several
commercial vendors. Seed production is erratic, so there is sporadic
availability from vendors.
Seed also needs cold water treatment. Rhizomes, tubers, and rootstock are
preferred for propagation. Rhizomes should be planted at soil depths of 2-5
inches and spaced 1-3 feet apart.
Spring planting assures greater survival of transplants. Maintain moist
substrate to a couple inches of water during plant establishment in order to
prevent flooding of young shoots.
Avoid planting in deep shoreline water since it reduces plant spread. Mudflat
conditions are preferred for planting.
This species spreads quickly vegetatively and can form monocultures.
