NRCS Conservation Programs

Wildlife Habitat Incentive Program (WHIP)

The Wildlife Habitat Incentive Program (WHIP) is a voluntary program for conservation-minded landowners who want to develop and improve wildlife habitat on agricultural land, non-industrial private forest land, and Tribal land. The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) administers WHIP to provide both technical assistance and up to 75 percent cost-share assistance to establish and improve fish & wildlife habitat.

The Agricultural Act of 2014 (enacted on February 7, 2014) moved authority for WHIP to the Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP). NRCS continues to support WHIP contracts entered into prior to passage of the Agricultural Act of 2014 using the rules and policy in effect at the time of contract obligations.

To learn more see EQIP -- And -- WHIP

For contract counts, contract acres, and contract obligations (as opposed to total obligations, as in FMMI), see Financial Assistance Program Dashboard

Financial Information: Total Obligations | Technical Assistance | Financial Assistance | Reimbursable
Conservation Practice Implementation Reports: by State | by State and Conservation Practices related to: Fish & Wildlife Habitat

Financial Information

The Financial Information section presents data from the USDA Office of the Chief Financial Officer's Financial Management Modernization Initiative (FMMI) system and its predecessor, the Foundation Financial Information System (FFIS). The Financial Information presented here is Total Obligations which the Government Accountability Office defines as binding agreements (orders placed, contracts awarded, services rendered, etc.) that will result in outlays, immediately or in the future. Before obligations can be incurred, budgetary resources must be made available by Congress. The obligations displayed for each year are the total obligations reported as of the end of each fiscal year. Subsequent adjustments after the close of the fiscal year are not included.

There are three categories of Total Obligations presented below:

  • Technical Assistance (TA) Obligations refer to the scientific expertise, natural resource data, tools, and technology that USDA NRCS personnel provide to help producers, landowners, and communities develop conservation plans and implement conservation practices to solve natural resource problems at the field, operation, or larger landscape scales. NRCS is the lead agency for providing technical assistance for USDA.
  • Financial Assistance (FA) Obligations refer to the commitment of funds to contracts for payments that will be made to program participants for implementing conservation practices, which can provide both on-site and off-site conservation benefits.
  • Reimbursable funds can be used to provide Technical or Financial Assistance, but are received from sources other than NRCS. They can also be transfers from or agreements with other Federal agencies.

Total Obligations, by Fiscal Year and Type
WHIP Total Obligations, by Fiscal Year
In thousands of dollars
Division 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Alabama $1,452.3
 $3,471.1
 $4,517.2
 $3,605.0
 $5,735.0
 $2,141.4
 $922.3
 $543.2
 $135.4
 $16.7


Alaska $3,027.4
 $3,103.0
 $3,657.3
 $302.2
 $4,707.0
 $138.2
 $761.3
 $165.2
 $108.5
 $93.9
 $12.1
 $20.0
Arizona $1,500.6
 $615.7
 $975.8
 $566.1
 $96.5
 $13.8
 $142.4
 $75.9
 $12.6



Arkansas $1,072.2
 $4,091.2
 $1,145.4
 $2,969.4
 $2,989.8
 $70.9
 $523.6
 $164.3
 $425.8
 $417.6
 $90.9
 $90.7
 $1.1
California $2,455.2
 $2,856.3
 $4,378.5
 $588.3
 $1,548.6
 $567.3
 $432.3
 $620.7
 $436.4
 $321.8
 $89.0
 $86.5
 $16.9
Caribbean
$8.2
 $130.7
$22.3
 $0.3
 $15.6
 $16.2
 $11.0
 $8.5


Colorado $1,120.8
 $790.6
 $687.8
 $924.7
 $290.6
 $95.0
 $42.0
 $71.8
 $19.2



Connecticut $2,145.3
 $1,293.9
 $1,417.9
 $920.4
 $828.2
 $253.3
 $480.2
 $458.0
 $203.7
 $192.0
 $35.2
 $44.0
 $7.7
Delaware $467.1
 $318.0
 $144.2
 $62.3
 $60.4
 $6.5
 $9.5
 $18.2
 $19.1

$12.0
Florida $1,862.6
 $1,668.1
 $1,070.5
 $1,124.0
 $845.6
 $194.9
 $441.7
 $431.1
 $207.3
 $186.0
 $13.4
 $24.0
Georgia $1,344.8
 $2,130.5
 $7,460.2
 $6,459.7
 $6,415.7
 $576.0
 $1,060.8
 $1,110.6
 $219.6
 $17.4
$34.1
Hawaii/Pacific $1,043.2
 $319.6
 $147.4
 $179.2
 $118.2
 $14.2
 $81.7
 $33.4
 $10.3



Idaho $924.7
 $395.3
 $720.7
 $203.2
 $1,345.5
 $148.0
 $162.5
 $28.8
 $80.2
 $22.5
 $0.1
 $40.0
Illinois $307.6
 $297.8
 $385.0
 $122.0
 $155.8
 $18.0
 $199.4
 $-37.4
 $56.0
 $68.8
 $25.0
 $23.8
 $15.8
Indiana $1,310.8
 $1,035.3
 $825.2
 $5,923.9
 $203.2
 $117.9
 $115.2
 $35.7
 $22.9
 $-2.9
 $0.5

Iowa $957.7
 $992.1
 $536.4
 $290.5
 $571.0
 $14.2
 $25.7
 $36.6
 $12.6



Kansas $1,283.3
 $2,496.0
 $1,952.3
 $976.9
 $1,742.6
 $96.6
 $225.7
 $75.9
 $60.8
 $2.9
 $0.1
 $1.3
Kentucky $1,059.5
 $1,320.2
 $1,000.1
 $126.8
 $158.8
 $139.4
 $83.4
 $119.6
 $21.5
 $31.2


Louisiana $1,055.7
 $4,227.3
 $2,595.0
 $1,051.4
 $917.4
 $74.2
 $8.1
 $17.2
 $10.9
 $28.1
 $63.4
 $0.6
 $38.1
Maine $890.1
 $2,694.0
 $3,017.0
 $399.7
 $596.9
 $510.4
 $544.9
 $409.4
 $1.1
 $139.0
$31.3
 $4.3
Maryland $387.6
 $262.7
 $312.6
 $124.7
 $376.9
 $24.1
 $131.7
 $85.3
 $11.3
 $13.7


Massachusetts $1,976.5
 $1,054.8
 $1,587.0
 $442.8
 $358.2
 $82.0
 $99.4
 $150.0
 $96.6
 $69.4
 $60.1
 $40.3
 $32.0
Michigan $1,047.7
 $1,921.6
 $857.1
 $573.1
 $408.0
 $51.2
 $98.4
 $56.4
 $57.4
 $48.8
$43.6
 $6.1
Minnesota $1,581.6
 $828.6
 $603.6
 $152.6
 $839.4
 $49.2
 $247.2
 $164.3
 $82.0
 $49.0


Mississippi $1,425.3
 $3,730.6
 $2,000.7
 $1,592.8
 $1,904.3
 $266.0
 $310.5
 $111.6
 $26.9
 $5.3


Missouri $1,450.4
 $3,378.7
 $721.7
 $398.8
 $791.5
 $61.5
 $152.1
 $56.8
 $134.4
 $108.5
 $54.1
 $47.5
 $5.0
Montana $770.6
 $1,430.1
 $384.5
 $399.5
 $560.3
 $32.6
 $161.2
 $100.2
 $42.7
 $7.9


Nebraska $1,482.9
 $1,021.7
 $673.8
 $386.6
 $259.2
 $22.3
 $13.0
 $1.3
 $54.0



Nevada $669.5
 $982.1
 $778.7
 $592.3
 $217.1
 $127.9
 $129.9
 $209.6
 $122.2
 $107.5
 $9.7
 $10.0
New Hampshire $2,531.4
 $1,310.4
 $1,251.8
 $819.5
 $371.1
 $92.6
 $338.9
 $-1.9
 $150.4
 $132.5
 $19.8
 $29.7
New Jersey $1,097.2
 $582.7
 $497.5
 $370.0
 $412.0
 $108.0
 $107.2
 $217.1
 $192.0
 $248.4
 $124.9
 $100.0
 $26.1
New Mexico $1,128.0
 $952.9
 $1,008.2
 $836.9
 $744.8
 $169.6
 $131.6
 $-13.0
 $90.7
 $1.1
 $12.0

New York $1,107.8
 $1,285.5
 $1,309.8
 $358.6
 $532.5
 $316.2
 $527.0
 $34.2
 $282.7
 $120.6
 $97.3
 $56.8
 $-0.4
North Carolina $1,168.6
 $823.6
 $1,543.2
 $134.8
 $139.5
 $11.0
 $270.2
 $182.8
 $65.8
 $10.0


North Dakota $1,181.4
 $724.6
 $1,176.5
 $286.9
 $234.9
 $4.0
 $11.7
 $4.6
 $85.8
 $43.0


Ohio $923.8
 $289.1
 $449.7
 $49.9
 $81.8
 $13.7
 $1.0
 $1.2
 $0.7



Oklahoma $1,700.5
 $1,123.1
 $420.1
 $865.5
 $264.7
 $30.2
 $339.8
 $197.0
 $133.0
 $1.4
 $10.3
 $48.2
 $-18.4
Oregon $1,890.1
 $1,208.2
 $1,286.1
 $1,322.7
 $1,248.3
 $67.8
 $73.2
 $21.4
 $0.9
 $48.9
 $33.5
 $25.7
Pennsylvania $793.5
 $1,064.2
 $980.6
 $1,153.7
 $2,733.1
 $80.7
 $238.7
 $47.4
 $125.2
 $115.3
 $46.3
 $48.2
 $46.6
Rhode Island $1,577.7
 $981.3
 $599.6
 $390.3
 $337.0
 $32.8
 $196.5
 $137.7
 $28.6
 $289.8
 $51.8
 $40.0
 $10.0
South Carolina $1,836.5
 $2,681.1
 $3,315.2
 $455.8
 $630.5
 $137.6
 $414.2
 $8.0
 $285.2
 $103.6
 $158.8
 $146.4
South Dakota $1,100.0
 $779.1
 $1,049.2
 $2,232.8
 $4,744.1
 $116.9
 $341.9
 $244.1
 $237.0
 $173.4
 $16.0
 $18.3
Tennessee $989.3
 $1,079.7
 $1,726.7
 $319.6
 $1,611.8
 $350.2
 $175.7
 $73.6
 $25.8
 $4.7


Texas $4,645.2
 $8,834.1
 $11,834.8
 $647.9
 $8,171.7
 $1,361.6
 $1,362.4
 $1,128.5
 $985.7
 $954.4
 $130.8
 $79.8
 $32.5
Utah $813.5
 $315.8
 $556.6
 $255.7
 $171.8
 $9.8
 $0.8
 $41.7
 $10.3
 $28.9
$1.5
Vermont $1,377.1
 $1,295.7
 $1,527.3
 $217.0
 $293.7
 $205.4
 $739.0
 $350.4
 $86.1
 $60.2
 $0.4
$1.9
Virginia $865.6
 $865.9
 $984.1
 $324.5
 $364.1
 $72.5
 $110.1
 $139.9
 $94.2
 $6.9


Washington $1,589.4
 $1,309.6
 $544.8
 $978.9
 $588.6
 $50.6
 $287.7
 $99.6
 $66.1
 $369.4
 $26.5
 $129.1
 $8.4
West Virginia $1,569.3
 $1,115.7
 $1,273.2
 $299.6
 $1,065.7
 $314.7
 $798.4
 $573.8
 $606.2
 $725.2
 $180.0
 $142.9
 $1.6
Wisconsin $1,274.2
 $779.7
 $494.8
 $151.5
 $136.7
 $7.2
 $0.9
 $0.7
 $17.5



Wyoming $874.1
 $678.3
 $834.3
 $1,039.3
 $318.8
 $23.6
 $224.7
 $45.7
 $50.9
 $8.0
 $6.1

Other $4,635.6
 $4,590.2
 $4,523.4
 $2,389.7
 $3,418.1
 $156.8
 $79.9
 $79.4
 $65.8
 $0.7
 $-0.4
$39.8
Total $72,742.9
 $83,405.9
 $83,872.0
 $47,360.4
 $63,679.3
 $9,641.0
 $14,393.0
 $8,943.8
 $6,388.6
 $5,400.0
 $1,367.7
 $1,416.3
 $275.1
Notes:
• Data Source: USDA-NRCS, 2012-2021 data from Financial Management Modernization Initiative (FMMI);
2009-2011 data from Foundation Financial Information System (FFIS).
• Caribbean includes Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands.
• Hawaii/Pacific includes Hawaii and the Pacific Basin.
• Other indicates Headquarters, Regional, or other non-State divisions.
• Prior to the February 7, 2014 enactment of the Agricultural Act of 2014, WHIP was authorized to obligate funds to new contracts. Upon enactment, the 2014 Act authorized the use of unobligated WHIP funds remaining from 2009 through 2013 to complete implementation of contracts entered into prior to the date of enactment, including the provision of technical assistance.
• Negative numbers reflect fund adjustments made throughout the year.
• Totals may not exactly match sum over divisions due to rounding.
WHIP Technical Assistance Obligations,
by Fiscal Year
In thousands of dollars
Division 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Alabama $226.3
 $550.7
 $872.3
 $503.4
 $707.1
 $921.1
 $893.8
 $535.3
 $135.4
 $16.7


Alaska $947.5
 $489.9
 $556.1
 $302.2
 $668.1
 $138.2
 $737.9
 $164.6
 $107.3
 $93.9
 $12.1
 $20.0
Arizona $251.0
 $297.2
 $317.2
 $153.3
 $96.5
 $13.8
 $142.4
 $75.3
 $10.7



Arkansas $241.6
 $657.6
 $414.5
 $422.0
 $478.0
 $68.5
 $483.9
 $160.8
 $422.9
 $417.6
 $90.9
 $81.9
 $1.1
California $559.7
 $556.6
 $777.3
 $313.2
 $704.5
 $544.7
 $431.6
 $607.5
 $416.9
 $321.8
 $89.0
 $86.5
 $16.9
Caribbean

$26.8
$2.4
 $0.3
 $14.2
 $16.2
 $11.0
 $8.5


Colorado $221.9
 $244.6
 $266.5
 $169.7
 $196.4
 $95.0
 $38.7
 $48.8
 $19.1



Connecticut $590.2
 $283.8
 $320.3
 $307.4
 $269.1
 $245.9
 $463.6
 $429.1
 $198.3
 $191.5
 $35.2
 $44.0
 $7.7
Delaware $148.3
 $87.6
 $79.6
 $52.4
 $51.2
 $6.5
 $9.5
 $18.2
 $19.1

$12.0
Florida $297.3
 $329.8
 $407.9
 $234.0
 $270.8
 $189.1
 $433.3
 $431.0
 $204.2
 $186.0
 $13.4
 $24.0
Georgia $221.5
 $370.2
 $1,033.9
 $707.1
 $2,112.2
 $573.4
 $896.8
 $1,040.3
 $216.5

$34.1
Hawaii/Pacific $507.7
 $158.8
 $132.1
 $179.2
 $118.2
 $14.0
 $81.7
 $33.4
 $10.3



Idaho $162.5
 $174.4
 $155.6
 $119.9
 $355.8
 $145.1
 $108.1
 $28.2
 $71.0
 $17.9
 $0.1
 $40.0
Illinois $170.9
 $89.4
 $119.0
 $72.3
 $155.8
 $18.0
 $199.4
 $-37.4
 $54.0
 $68.8
 $25.0
 $23.8
 $15.8
Indiana $208.9
 $270.2
 $309.9
 $440.5
 $202.3
 $116.9
 $113.8
 $35.6
 $22.9
 $-2.9
 $0.5

Iowa $168.3
 $286.4
 $261.7
 $127.5
 $142.0
 $7.0
 $3.0
 $36.6
 $12.6



Kansas $284.4
 $460.1
 $471.8
 $235.8
 $334.3
 $81.1
 $211.3
 $65.3
 $57.0
 $2.9
 $0.1
 $1.3
Kentucky $177.7
 $295.5
 $270.4
 $123.6
 $158.8
 $138.9
 $82.9
 $119.6
 $21.5
 $31.2


Louisiana $185.0
 $668.0
 $705.8
 $259.3
 $441.5
 $74.2
 $4.6
 $6.5
 $0.7
 $28.0
 $63.4
 $0.6
 $38.1
Maine $410.4
 $523.0
 $564.3
 $207.1
 $215.0
 $212.1
 $504.0
 $394.5
 $0.3
 $139.0
$31.3
 $4.3
Maryland $81.6
 $128.2
 $117.8
 $68.2
 $83.8
 $24.1
 $129.5
 $85.1
 $11.3
 $13.7


Massachusetts $573.3
 $262.7
 $333.7
 $248.4
 $198.1
 $27.8
 $95.4
 $124.4
 $96.6
 $69.4
 $43.1
 $40.0
 $32.0
Michigan $209.7
 $284.6
 $343.2
 $168.5
 $268.5
 $36.4
 $97.6
 $50.2
 $57.0
 $48.8
$43.6
 $6.1
Minnesota $580.1
 $238.4
 $234.8
 $152.6
 $189.6
 $33.6
 $247.1
 $164.0
 $80.3
 $49.0


Mississippi $267.9
 $588.6
 $438.3
 $317.5
 $311.4
 $253.4
 $304.8
 $111.6
 $26.7
 $5.3


Missouri $244.5
 $545.7
 $364.0
 $260.5
 $257.9
 $61.3
 $152.1
 $56.6
 $134.0
 $108.5
 $54.1
 $47.5
 $5.0
Montana $229.0
 $292.4
 $181.4
 $143.2
 $124.5
 $17.7
 $121.4
 $99.3
 $41.3
 $7.9


Nebraska $261.5
 $277.1
 $272.0
 $154.4
 $259.2
 $22.0
 $4.0
 $1.3
 $54.0



Nevada $196.2
 $183.1
 $154.7
 $121.2
 $61.0
 $127.9
 $129.9
 $209.6
 $121.3
 $107.0
 $9.7
 $10.0
New Hampshire $791.9
 $280.0
 $380.7
 $353.3
 $205.8
 $83.8
 $338.9
 $-8.3
 $148.9
 $131.5
 $19.8
 $29.7
New Jersey $379.3
 $165.7
 $196.6
 $162.6
 $301.4
 $107.6
 $98.0
 $206.2
 $191.3
 $248.4
 $124.9
 $100.0
 $26.1
New Mexico $255.9
 $194.8
 $228.4
 $188.9
 $195.8
 $169.6
 $128.0
 $-13.6
 $90.5
 $1.1
 $12.0

New York $243.2
 $217.3
 $200.5
 $147.7
 $106.8
 $111.3
 $526.9
 $32.4
 $272.9
 $119.6
 $97.3
 $56.5
 $-0.4
North Carolina $211.5
 $172.9
 $296.6
 $111.8
 $110.2
 $8.9
 $269.5
 $182.5
 $65.6
 $10.0


North Dakota $233.6
 $211.1
 $330.9
 $115.9
 $195.4
 $2.1
 $3.5
 $1.0
 $85.8
 $43.0


Ohio $141.8
 $96.7
 $213.1
 $49.9
 $81.8
 $12.8
 $1.0
 $1.2
 $0.7



Oklahoma $329.6
 $277.2
 $235.0
 $283.3
 $264.7
 $30.2
 $321.6
 $172.8
 $133.0
 $1.4
 $10.3
 $48.2
 $-18.4
Oregon $388.8
 $313.4
 $303.0
 $280.7
 $234.2
 $57.3
 $73.2
 $21.4
 $0.9
 $48.9
 $33.5
 $25.7
Pennsylvania $128.8
 $240.1
 $155.9
 $181.7
 $444.5
 $53.2
 $236.5
 $46.5
 $121.7
 $115.1
 $46.3
 $48.1
 $46.6
Rhode Island $778.7
 $238.2
 $206.5
 $250.8
 $215.5
 $24.4
 $196.0
 $137.2
 $27.6
 $289.8
 $51.8
 $40.0
 $10.0
South Carolina $415.0
 $434.4
 $619.1
 $216.5
 $456.6
 $133.9
 $381.0
 $2.3
 $276.7
 $103.6
 $157.6
 $146.4
South Dakota $259.1
 $211.6
 $240.0
 $230.2
 $393.3
 $70.8
 $240.4
 $226.5
 $210.2
 $171.2
 $15.8
 $18.3
Tennessee $185.6
 $233.4
 $408.6
 $126.5
 $294.7
 $311.4
 $136.5
 $72.1
 $25.8
 $4.7


Texas $686.7
 $1,353.5
 $2,000.2
 $435.7
 $1,032.5
 $1,014.1
 $1,049.5
 $936.2
 $942.9
 $915.6
 $130.8
 $79.8
 $32.5
Utah $203.6
 $100.1
 $146.9
 $86.4
 $85.1
 $9.8
 $0.8
 $41.7
 $10.3
 $28.9
$1.5
Vermont $477.0
 $267.3
 $471.3
 $217.0
 $213.0
 $150.8
 $727.5
 $346.4
 $79.2
 $59.3
 $0.4
$1.9
Virginia $191.4
 $210.4
 $251.2
 $128.3
 $338.8
 $72.2
 $110.0
 $138.1
 $93.8
 $6.9


Washington $298.9
 $202.7
 $172.1
 $230.3
 $262.9
 $50.3
 $134.5
 $49.2
 $65.7
 $364.6
 $23.4
 $128.7
 $8.4
West Virginia $359.6
 $256.2
 $342.2
 $201.8
 $331.6
 $209.7
 $791.6
 $572.0
 $605.0
 $724.2
 $180.0
 $142.9
 $1.6
Wisconsin $209.0
 $260.2
 $221.5
 $127.6
 $106.0
 $7.2
 $0.9
 $0.7
 $17.5



Wyoming $167.3
 $202.5
 $245.1
 $194.1
 $318.8
 $23.6
 $224.7
 $45.7
 $50.9
 $8.0
 $6.1

Other $4,635.6
 $4,590.2
 $4,523.4
 $2,381.5
 $3,418.1
 $156.8
 $79.9
 $79.4
 $65.8
 $0.7
 $-0.4
$39.8
Total $20,596.9
 $20,324.1
 $22,891.6
 $13,266.8
 $19,041.5
 $7,080.0
 $13,206.5
 $8,401.1
 $6,216.7
 $5,327.0
 $1,346.2
 $1,406.4
 $275.1
Notes:
• Data Source: USDA-NRCS, 2012-2021 data from Financial Management Modernization Initiative (FMMI);
2009-2011 data from Foundation Financial Information System (FFIS).
• Caribbean includes Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands.
• Hawaii/Pacific includes Hawaii and the Pacific Basin.
• Other indicates Headquarters, Regional, or other non-State divisions.
• Prior to the February 7, 2014 enactment of the Agricultural Act of 2014, WHIP was authorized to obligate funds to new contracts. Upon enactment, the 2014 Act authorized the use of unobligated WHIP funds remaining from 2009 through 2013 to complete implementation of contracts entered into prior to the date of enactment, including the provision of technical assistance.
• Negative numbers reflect fund adjustments made throughout the year.
• Totals may not exactly match sum over divisions due to rounding.
WHIP Financial Assistance Obligations,
by Fiscal Year
In thousands of dollars
Division 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Alabama $1,226.0
 $2,920.4
 $3,644.9
 $3,101.6
 $5,027.9
 $1,220.3
 $28.6
 $7.9




Alaska $2,079.9
 $2,613.1
 $3,101.2
$4,038.9
$23.4
 $0.6
 $1.1



Arizona $1,249.6
 $318.5
 $658.6
 $412.8


$0.6
 $1.9



Arkansas $830.6
 $3,433.6
 $730.9
 $2,555.7
 $2,511.8
 $2.4
 $39.7
 $3.5
 $2.9

$8.8
California $1,895.5
 $2,299.7
 $3,601.2
 $275.1
 $844.1
 $22.6
 $0.7
 $13.1
 $19.5



Caribbean
$8.2
 $103.9
$19.9
$1.4





Colorado $898.9
 $546.1
 $421.3
 $755.0
 $94.2
$3.4
 $23.0
 $0.1



Connecticut $1,555.1
 $1,010.1
 $1,097.5
 $613.0
 $559.1
 $7.4
 $16.6
 $28.9
 $5.4
 $0.5


Delaware $318.8
 $230.5
 $64.7
 $9.9
 $9.2







Florida $1,565.3
 $1,338.3
 $662.6
 $890.0
 $574.8
 $5.8
 $8.3
 $0.1
 $3.1



Georgia $1,123.3
 $1,760.4
 $6,426.3
 $5,752.6
 $4,303.5
 $2.6
 $164.0
 $70.4
 $3.1
 $17.4


Hawaii/Pacific $535.5
 $160.8
 $15.4

$0.2






Idaho $762.2
 $220.9
 $565.1
 $83.3
 $989.7
 $2.9
 $54.4
 $0.6
 $9.3
 $4.6


Illinois $136.7
 $208.4
 $266.1
 $49.7



$2.0



Indiana $1,101.8
 $737.1
 $513.0
 $5,481.4
 $0.9
 $1.0
 $1.4





Iowa $789.3
 $705.7
 $274.7
 $163.1
 $429.0
 $7.2
 $22.6





Kansas $998.9
 $2,035.9
 $1,480.4
 $741.2
 $1,408.3
 $15.5
 $14.4
 $10.6
 $3.8



Kentucky $881.8
 $1,024.7
 $729.7
 $3.3
$0.4
 $0.4





Louisiana $870.8
 $3,559.3
 $1,889.2
 $792.2
 $475.9
$3.5
 $10.7
 $10.2
 $0.1


Maine $479.8
 $2,171.0
 $2,452.7
 $192.6
 $381.9
 $298.3
 $40.9
 $14.9
 $0.7



Maryland $306.0
 $134.5
 $194.9
 $56.6
 $293.1
$2.3
 $0.3




Massachusetts $1,403.2
 $792.1
 $1,253.3
 $194.4
 $160.1
 $54.2
 $4.0
 $25.6

$17.0
 $0.3
Michigan $837.9
 $1,223.7
 $398.2
 $154.0
$0.7
 $0.8
 $6.2
 $0.3



Minnesota $1,001.6
 $590.2
 $360.1
$649.8
 $0.5
$0.2
 $1.7



Mississippi $1,157.4
 $3,141.9
 $1,562.4
 $1,275.3
 $1,592.9
 $12.6
 $5.7
$0.2



Missouri $1,205.9
 $2,833.0
 $357.7
 $138.3
 $533.6
 $0.2
$0.1
 $0.4



Montana $541.6
 $1,137.6
 $203.2
 $256.3
 $435.8
 $14.8
 $39.9
 $0.9
 $1.4



Nebraska $1,221.4
 $744.6
 $401.8
 $232.2
$0.2
 $9.0





Nevada $473.3
 $799.0
 $624.0
 $471.1
 $156.1

$0.1
 $0.9
 $0.5


New Hampshire $1,739.5
 $1,030.5
 $871.2
 $466.2
 $165.3
 $8.8
$6.4
 $1.5
 $1.0


New Jersey $717.9
 $417.1
 $300.9
 $207.4
 $110.6
 $0.4
 $9.2
 $10.9
 $0.7



New Mexico $872.1
 $758.2
 $779.8
 $648.0
 $549.0
$3.6
 $0.7
 $0.2



New York $864.6
 $1,036.5
 $940.9
 $53.7
 $399.2
 $204.9
 $0.1
 $1.8
 $9.7
 $1.0
$0.3
North Carolina $957.1
 $650.7
 $1,246.6
 $23.0
 $29.3
 $2.1
 $0.7
 $0.3
 $0.2



North Dakota $947.8
 $513.4
 $845.5
 $171.1
 $39.5
 $1.9
 $8.1
 $3.5




Ohio $782.1
 $187.8
 $185.8

$0.9






Oklahoma $1,370.9
 $845.9
 $185.1
 $582.2
$-0.1
 $18.2
 $24.2




Oregon $1,501.2
 $894.8
 $983.1
 $1,042.0
 $1,014.1
 $10.5






Pennsylvania $664.7
 $822.2
 $771.2
 $970.5
 $2,288.6
 $27.5
 $2.2
 $0.9
 $3.5
 $0.2
$0.1
Rhode Island $799.0
 $743.2
 $393.1
 $139.5
 $121.5
 $8.4
 $0.5
 $0.5
 $1.0



South Carolina $1,421.4
 $2,246.8
 $2,696.1
 $239.4
 $173.9
 $3.8
 $33.3
 $5.7
 $8.4
$1.2

South Dakota $841.0
 $567.6
 $809.2
 $2,002.6
 $4,350.8
 $46.1
 $101.5
 $17.6
 $26.8
 $2.2
 $0.2

Tennessee $803.7
 $846.3
 $1,318.2
 $193.0
 $1,317.1
 $38.8
 $39.2
 $1.5




Texas $3,958.5
 $7,480.7
 $9,834.6
 $212.2
 $7,139.2
 $347.4
 $312.9
 $192.4
 $42.8
 $38.8


Utah $609.9
 $215.6
 $409.7
 $169.3
 $86.7







Vermont $900.0
 $1,028.4
 $1,056.0
$80.7
 $54.6
 $11.4
 $3.9
 $6.8
 $0.9


Virginia $674.3
 $655.4
 $732.9
 $196.1
 $25.3
 $0.3
 $0.1
 $1.8
 $0.4



Washington $1,290.6
 $1,106.9
 $372.8
 $748.6
 $325.7
 $0.3
 $153.2
 $50.4
 $0.4
 $4.8
 $3.1
 $0.4
West Virginia $1,209.6
 $859.5
 $931.1
 $97.8
 $734.1
 $105.1
 $6.8
 $1.8
 $1.2
 $1.0


Wisconsin $1,065.2
 $519.6
 $273.3
 $24.0
 $30.7







Wyoming $706.8
 $475.7
 $589.2
 $845.2








Total $52,146.0
 $62,602.1
 $60,580.9
 $33,682.2
 $44,471.8
 $2,531.7
 $1,186.5
 $542.6
 $171.8
 $73.0
 $21.5
 $9.9
Notes:
• Data Source: USDA-NRCS, 2012-2021 data from Financial Management Modernization Initiative (FMMI);
2009-2011 data from Foundation Financial Information System (FFIS).
• Caribbean includes Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands.
• Hawaii/Pacific includes Hawaii and the Pacific Basin.
• Prior to the February 7, 2014 enactment of the Agricultural Act of 2014, WHIP was authorized to obligate funds to new contracts. Upon enactment, the 2014 Act authorized the use of unobligated WHIP funds remaining from 2009 through 2013 to complete implementation of contracts entered into prior to the date of enactment, including the provision of technical assistance.
• Negative numbers reflect fund adjustments made throughout the year.
• Totals may not exactly match sum over divisions due to rounding.
WHIP Reimbursable Obligations,
by Fiscal Year
In thousands of dollars
Division 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Arkansas


$-8.3








Indiana
$28.0
 $2.3
 $2.0








Michigan
$413.4
 $115.7
 $250.6
 $139.5
 $14.1






Minnesota

$8.7

$15.1






New York
$31.6
 $168.5
 $157.2
 $26.5







Ohio
$4.6
 $50.9









Pennsylvania
$2.0
 $53.5
 $1.5








Other


$8.3








Total
$479.6
 $399.5
 $411.3
 $166.0
 $29.3






Notes:
• Data Source: USDA-NRCS, 2012-2021 data from Financial Management Modernization Initiative (FMMI);
2009-2011 data from Foundation Financial Information System (FFIS).
• Other indicates Headquarters, Regional, or other non-State divisions.
• Prior to the February 7, 2014 enactment of the Agricultural Act of 2014, WHIP was authorized to obligate funds to new contracts. Upon enactment, the 2014 Act authorized the use of unobligated WHIP funds remaining from 2009 through 2013 to complete implementation of contracts entered into prior to the date of enactment, including the provision of technical assistance.
• Negative numbers reflect fund adjustments made throughout the year.
• Totals may not exactly match sum over divisions due to rounding.

Conservation Practice Implementation

Conservation practices are planned and applied at the land unit level. The land unit is the smallest unit of land that has a permanent or contiguous boundary, a common land cover and land management, and a common owner or a common producer. The following tables include data for the fiscal years since enactment of the 2008 Food, Conservation, and Energy Act (Farm Bill) in 2009.

This RCA release uses an updated field definition. Heretofore the National Planning and Agreements Database (NPAD) Land Unit Id was used to represent fields wherever estimates of unique acres treated were required. This identifier is found in the planning land unit database layer. However, since conservation plans are often updated as producers’ conservation decisions evolve over time, there can be multiple land unit identifiers associated with the same field in NPAD. This can result in overestimating the number of fields and the associated unique acres. The Resource Analytics Lab has used GIS to develop a shape based algorithm to eliminate the overcounting of fields by selecting the single best shape out of the multiple shape based identifiers associated with the same field.

As conservation practices are measured in different units (acres, feet, square feet, etc.), the challenge for reporting performance at various levels is how to aggregate across practices. Although practices may affect resources beyond the land unit boundary, or be applied only on part of the land unit, the land unit does provide a common metric to aggregate over practices since each applied practice is associated with a specific land unit. Analysis of the data reveals that most practices are measured in acres and most of the practice applied amounts match the land unit acres of the field on which the practice was applied. Therefore, land unit acreage is the metric on which the acres of land receiving conservation treatment are calculated.

The data presented in this section reflect the fiscal year in which conservation practices were applied, which can occur at any point during the duration of the WHIP contract. Totals presented here are not comparable to program enrollment acres or contract acres.

Land Unit Acres Receiving Conservation

The following table summarizes land unit acres by fiscal year. Here, land unit acres are counted once when the program has been used to apply one or more practices on that land unit in a given fiscal year. Therefore, land unit acres may be counted multiple times across fiscal years.

Land Unit Acres Receiving Conservation (including practice count),
by Fiscal Year
WHIP Practices
State 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count
Alabama 57,440
 847
 34,518
 910
 82,914
 1,198
 87,420
 1,339
 74,161
 1,200
 125,938
 2,048
 69,751
 743
 17,820
 145
 1,579
 26
 2,210
 22



91
 3
Alaska 6,628
 26
 1,437
 30
 43,905
 68
 32,829
 75
 25,411
 28
 45,751
 107
 82,145
 98
 43,814
 51
 58,894
 27
 53,117
 21
 33,209
 5



Arizona 290,539
 84
 451,211
 70
 355,061
 65
 41,419
 52
 198,021
 39
 47,465
 37
 5,115
 7
 9,034
 12
 442
 3







Arkansas 24,695
 700
 25,083
 646
 74,811
 1,316
 34,651
 598
 41,439
 767
 43,759
 771
 24,508
 368
 16,393
 225
 9,894
 93
 2,852
 39
 1,025
 17
 471
 4

California 24,590
 224
 27,009
 243
 55,133
 217
 60,299
 456
 35,936
 444
 59,236
 401
 22,705
 165
 12,023
 104
 4,570
 32
 6,037
 26
 961
 25
 227
 8
 120
 4
Caribbean



5
 3
 98
 23
 128
 10
 193
 11
 92
 20
 23
 2



59
 2



Colorado 137,758
 319
 52,807
 310
 58,503
 193
 42,734
 189
 13,181
 277
 11,666
 61
 9,755
 66
 1,456
 40
 366
 10







Connecticut 1,788
 362
 3,024
 583
 2,459
 570
 2,312
 570
 1,820
 329
 1,682
 321
 1,205
 221
 927
 174
 331
 62
 131
 11
 71
 11
 114
 3
 1
 1
Delaware 2,972
 58
 4,233
 95
 4,435
 46
 915
 28
 282
 10
 1,252
 16
 177
 5
 71
 1
 93
 7
 22
 6





Florida 18,450
 285
 41,451
 577
 62,845
 737
 42,805
 681
 31,886
 697
 32,285
 815
 21,853
 432
 11,523
 190
 2,746
 66
 873
 44
 90
 5



Georgia 10,556
 420
 9,679
 499
 19,516
 659
 27,092
 982
 36,675
 1,097
 50,315
 1,645
 40,099
 962
 20,471
 796
 4,864
 134
 1,280
 46
 332
 21
 137
 22
 0
 1
Hawaii/Pacific 14,291
 121
 11,343
 85
 13,437
 113
 10,130
 59
 1,510
 21
 109
 43
 486
 19
 411
 6
 410
 1







Idaho 805
 69
 2,977
 151
 4,968
 56
 17,410
 104
 4,975
 59
 8,395
 105
 3,795
 99
 1,742
 34
 1,790
 23
 196
 4
 167
 4



Illinois 1,214
 137
 2,062
 107
 4,613
 208
 2,955
 214
 1,290
 98
 1,451
 93
 2,742
 251
 1,703
 43
 1,427
 57
 998
 24
 1,023
 17
 31
 15

Indiana 5,606
 225
 9,706
 329
 8,609
 401
 13,520
 576
 58,179
 2,820
 26,299
 1,177
 13,515
 522
 1,037
 37
 730
 15
 49
 1





Iowa 11,897
 568
 13,527
 584
 20,059
 857
 17,283
 525
 11,153
 310
 4,105
 87
 1,885
 45
 952
 16
 544
 6







Kansas 15,373
 676
 28,234
 825
 35,412
 985
 33,211
 635
 31,889
 321
 67,268
 500
 52,920
 352
 37,942
 211
 18,089
 112
 2,319
 17





Kentucky 11,922
 508
 14,847
 930
 14,751
 1,033
 15,588
 990
 9,026
 528
 2,493
 165
 1,330
 83
 246
 14
 136
 2
 4
 1
 105
 4
 29
 20
 101
 1
Louisiana 9,708
 580
 15,012
 456
 83,331
 2,460
 27,646
 814
 20,035
 598
 13,336
 432
 6,274
 129
 5,850
 110
 4,595
 65
 2,374
 64
 2,878
 38
 1,470
 27
 1,137
 22
Maine 12,539
 205
 8,491
 167
 19,037
 335
 61,264
 394
 24,158
 208
 13,453
 321
 9,452
 130
 2,127
 85
 1,038
 39
 965
 28
 648
 18
 5
 4
 204
 21
Maryland 5,136
 133
 3,683
 88
 1,694
 95
 317
 22
 515
 30
 837
 12
 1,145
 19
 951
 11
 19
 2
 545
 2





Massachusetts 5,846
 473
 5,185
 411
 6,177
 338
 5,200
 458
 4,631
 328
 3,610
 248
 1,146
 149
 845
 153
 401
 20
 45
 14
 192
 16
 138
 7

Michigan 6,467
 643
 4,787
 291
 8,234
 659
 7,058
 408
 4,260
 416
 2,800
 194
 4,135
 154
 1,206
 82
 375
 45
 1,228
 11
 106
 4

91
 3
Minnesota 6,917
 551
 10,706
 753
 9,478
 684
 8,750
 561
 3,032
 162
 3,864
 170
 1,170
 97
 844
 40
 503
 17
 224
 5





Mississippi 11,495
 575
 18,467
 535
 35,805
 989
 23,342
 1,100
 21,178
 574
 24,832
 813
 6,522
 236
 3,594
 87
 414
 5
 1,166
 46
 99
 10
 16
 7

Missouri 17,390
 942
 10,742
 770
 47,500
 1,774
 22,693
 1,216
 8,620
 433
 8,654
 344
 4,488
 159
 1,492
 60
 630
 26
 71
 7
 246
 15
 57
 5

Montana 50,898
 162
 23,232
 243
 24,739
 204
 40,904
 207
 50,044
 217
 47,878
 156
 42,258
 104
 28,077
 51
 2,827
 20
 1,520
 18

778
 4

Nebraska 9,642
 432
 14,100
 405
 20,352
 524
 20,919
 484
 14,737
 181
 19,731
 114
 3,993
 49
 1,284
 11
 131
 4







Nevada 553
 28
 1,814
 41
 2,913
 46
 4,462
 62
 13,312
 89
 4,504
 48
 6,960
 16
 6,673
 24
 529
 13
 2,581
 9

87
 2

New Hampshire 13,264
 300
 23,975
 382
 21,834
 416
 23,333
 391
 12,301
 241
 12,137
 267
 7,521
 198
 4,570
 108
 1,341
 45
 2,069
 25
 1,411
 10



New Jersey 4,273
 248
 4,963
 398
 5,766
 312
 3,001
 260
 2,007
 112
 1,179
 82
 1,436
 41
 1,476
 39
 956
 22
 1,322
 5
 397
 6
 427
 10
 95
 3
New Mexico 32,790
 67
 101,048
 128
 85,423
 92
 103,375
 132
 137,832
 66
 29,051
 85
 46,555
 83
 32,850
 62
 6,910
 20
 3,039
 6
 2,056
 1



New York 1,993
 222
 4,178
 331
 6,013
 577
 6,546
 575
 4,554
 394
 6,930
 549
 6,220
 449
 3,125
 301
 2,165
 166
 888
 58
 562
 23
 209
 4

North Carolina 9,812
 428
 318,075
 381
 319,562
 637
 330,979
 799
 316,296
 432
 11,370
 242
 304,953
 109
 5,452
 39
 5,324
 47







North Dakota 41,659
 412
 11,773
 308
 27,317
 381
 51,046
 392
 11,926
 149
 50,393
 314
 16,618
 128
 10,980
 77
 6,686
 93
 2,320
 19





Ohio 2,572
 141
 5,298
 101
 7,721
 255
 6,825
 179
 4,775
 55
 3,788
 23
 177
 12
 3,765
 5









Oklahoma 41,004
 277
 62,289
 435
 45,301
 457
 38,382
 270
 18,817
 166
 17,259
 99
 23,592
 125
 14,166
 51
 2,396
 16
 5,620
 4





Oregon 49,581
 231
 43,648
 217
 57,333
 185
 63,955
 205
 63,182
 187
 44,281
 144
 26,504
 65
 18,899
 48
 3,469
 9
 2,701
 5
 2,234
 8
 302
 1

Pennsylvania 4,032
 248
 5,814
 354
 11,138
 379
 8,706
 322
 14,895
 253
 23,598
 203
 17,744
 121
 13,055
 61
 7,550
 38
 3,366
 12
 3,188
 14
 3,189
 14
 2,443
 6
Rhode Island 2,441
 43
 1,586
 71
 5,101
 105
 4,633
 104
 1,765
 50
 5,086
 73
 2,645
 42
 496
 11
 311
 5



195
 2

South Carolina 18,754
 537
 29,170
 507
 39,164
 881
 35,772
 1,421
 21,125
 654
 10,284
 291
 6,655
 160
 5,344
 75
 2,902
 34
 1,167
 24
 1,457
 23
 180
 8

South Dakota 9,463
 469
 27,575
 339
 27,701
 321
 27,170
 242
 46,307
 190
 117,566
 568
 89,982
 558
 51,406
 203
 21,211
 94
 12,757
 52
 5,227
 19
 2,572
 14

Tennessee 10,927
 520
 11,127
 590
 10,975
 637
 7,016
 439
 4,051
 264
 3,993
 446
 1,782
 196
 679
 57
 70
 5
 3
 2





Texas 81,631
 582
 167,334
 960
 344,944
 1,398
 328,292
 1,653
 226,154
 702
 301,282
 829
 172,609
 383
 99,032
 223
 100,980
 178
 32,612
 79
 23,757
 61
 11,723
 8
 1,042
 3
Utah 21,479
 48
 22,172
 57
 23,741
 60
 33,843
 63
 8,358
 42
 7,714
 45
 1,938
 20
 3,190
 16
 865
 2







Vermont 24,522
 727
 28,660
 1,071
 25,748
 1,044
 29,214
 1,039
 21,803
 671
 13,598
 412
 8,087
 309
 4,704
 141
 1,533
 27
 724
 18
 25
 9
 16
 2
 18
 5
Virginia 4,965
 482
 22,458
 675
 23,125
 772
 14,484
 669
 7,964
 275
 5,594
 174
 3,554
 43
 443
 19
 1,034
 19







Washington 9,066
 225
 10,463
 291
 20,639
 244
 10,232
 301
 10,825
 110
 10,007
 145
 14,035
 86
 8,060
 101
 5,142
 71
 4,984
 87
 4,371
 39
 2,091
 32
 972
 20
West Virginia 25,082
 609
 16,345
 640
 21,215
 504
 25,701
 733
 15,267
 383
 12,936
 494
 9,756
 325
 5,481
 149
 3,497
 106
 2,764
 55
 553
 37
 15
 5

Wisconsin 4,931
 350
 28,478
 401
 10,356
 286
 6,893
 242
 4,443
 112
 1,240
 55
 449
 15
 49
 7
 23
 9







Wyoming 52,111
 91
 15,962
 90
 13,466
 115
 28,460
 125
 18,608
 72
 46,896
 188
 24,481
 74
 26,294
 95
 9,875
 7







Total 1,239,466
 17,610
 1,811,758
 19,861
 2,274,276
 26,891
 1,893,081
 24,378
 1,714,742
 17,871
 1,409,344
 16,983
 1,228,911
 9,242
 544,045
 4,703
 302,607
 1,945
 157,140
 917
 86,445
 462
 24,480
 228
 6,316
 93
Notes:
• Data Source: USDA-NRCS, National Planning and Agreements Database (NPAD), October 2021.
• Land unit acres may be counted multiple times across fiscal years.
• Caribbean includes Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands.
• Hawaii/Pacific includes Hawaii and the Pacific Basin.
Land Unit Acres Receiving Conservation by Practice

The following chart/table combination present conservation practice data grouped by purpose: Fish & Wildlife Habitat. Any practices not included in this group are included in an All Other category. Data for practices in the All Other category can be downloaded in the Farm Bill Conservation Programs Profile csv file.

Land unit acres are counted each time a practice is applied on that land unit in the fiscal year. Therefore land unit acres may be counted multiple times across practices and fiscal years. To learn more about specific conservation practices, see the National Handbook of Conservation Practices.

Conservation Practices Related to Fish & Wildlife

The following chart and table includes practices that are related to Fish & Wildlife Habitat Management. The environment that NRCS helps its clients conserve, maintain, and improve is also habitat for fish & wildlife and other biological resources. While every practice and management action taken on the land has some effect on biological resources, the following practices are specifically related to fish & wildlife habitat.

Land Unit Acres Receiving Conservation, FY 2009-2021

Only practices representing a significant portion of the total for the period are included in the above chart. If applicable, practices not included are summed into the All Other category.

Land Unit Acres Receiving Conservation (including practice count) by Fiscal Year
WHIP Fish & Wildlife Habitat Practices
Practice Name Practice Code 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count
Access Control 472 9,660
 247
 11,690
 216
 15,741
 187
 53,687
 433
 25,086
 399
 24,387
 68
 1,988
 20
 2,266
 14
 192
 6
 236
 2
 107
 3



Aquatic Organism Passage 396 8,035
 44
 6,273
 33
 4,856
 39
 21,747
 18
 4,952
 14
 191
 12
 57
 4
 13
 3









Conservation Cover 327 16,087
 591
 30,519
 706
 41,530
 928
 42,731
 711
 17,540
 319
 24,386
 334
 25,127
 206
 8,949
 65
 2,977
 38
 467
 10
 180
 10
 52
 3
 57
 1
Early Successional Habitat Development/Management 647 88,832
 1,841
 92,337
 2,440
 106,212
 2,408
 113,706
 2,292
 79,838
 1,478
 70,938
 1,590
 123,113
 1,290
 35,758
 748
 12,377
 354
 6,614
 142
 3,082
 72
 3,358
 19
 1,970
 22
Hedgerow Planting 422 7,088
 135
 2,444
 133
 4,647
 132
 6,362
 115
 1,475
 53
 822
 30
 522
 19
 856
 2
 77
 1
 73
 1



210
 3
Restoration and Management of Rare or Declining Habitats 643 46,928
 525
 47,791
 534
 63,224
 624
 71,942
 798
 44,737
 485
 50,228
 488
 23,433
 268
 12,318
 210
 4,472
 102
 3,310
 44
 1,751
 36
 365
 22

Riparian Forest Buffer 391 9,621
 48
 1,683
 60
 2,370
 60
 3,239
 77
 542
 24
 1,920
 18
 592
 22
 604
 18
 877
 4
 133
 9
 15
 1

12
 3
Riparian Herbaceous Cover 390 14
 4
 10,063
 13
 11,685
 36
 971
 27
 736
 8
 104
 8
 1,412
 4
 18
 1









Shallow Water Development and Management 646 2,384
 53
 5,605
 91
 213,197
 3,535
 58,074
 862
 44,797
 745
 35,448
 595
 3,769
 55
 286
 2
 20
 1







Stream Habitat Improvement and Management 395 6,320
 96
 5,074
 94
 4,466
 55
 3,662
 84
 1,747
 36
 1,052
 23
 82
 5
 412
 7

5,990
 6
 741
 3



Streambank and Shoreline Protection 580 2,965
 91
 6,869
 107
 3,374
 99
 5,258
 121
 1,827
 62
 5,102
 88
 8,885
 57
 277
 10
 508
 6
 375
 4
 733
 1



Upland Wildlife Habitat Management 645 885,610
 5,113
 969,672
 4,541
 1,042,580
 5,527
 544,868
 5,018
 284,645
 2,501
 414,536
 2,487
 279,188
 1,572
 216,510
 812
 175,171
 342
 131,012
 145
 66,809
 70
 4,224
 54
 1,951
 16
Wetland Creation 658 342
 12
 1,174
 18
 2,261
 28
 1,122
 20
 731
 4
 107
 2
 5
 1











Wetland Enhancement 659 1,633
 37
 3,274
 35
 2,065
 30
 6,285
 41
 763
 7
 229
 4
 4
 1
 3
 1









Wetland Restoration 657 8,056
 91
 6,376
 86
 4,978
 68
 3,970
 97
 1,652
 30
 208
 9
 211
 3
 13
 1









Wetland Wildlife Habitat Management 644 21,908
 211
 26,277
 285
 37,136
 375
 27,224
 426
 15,030
 144
 13,111
 177
 16,947
 73
 2,695
 38
 1,591
 12
 2,908
 9
 1,309
 12

44
 2
Notes:
• Data Source: USDA-NRCS, National Planning and Agreements Database (NPAD), October 2021.
• Land unit acres may be counted multiple times across fiscal years.
• Watering Facility (614) is not included in the above table. It is included for the purposes of this report in the All Other Practices category.

The following table includes program information under which the above practices related to Fish & Wildlife Habitat Management were applied. These data reflect the geographic extent of the land treated with fish & wildlife habitat practices by each conservation program during a fiscal year. Land unit acres may be counted multiple times across fiscal years, but are only counted once per fiscal year.

Land Unit Acres Receiving Conservation (including practice count) by Fiscal Year
WHIP Fish & Wildlife Habitat Practices
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count Acres Count
Land Unit Acres treated by at least one practice 733,987
 9,139
 876,832
 9,392
 1,139,254
 14,131
 732,719
 11,140
 388,692
 6,309
 483,874
 5,933
 358,203
 3,600
 192,227
 1,932
 114,851
 866
 82,611
 372
 46,567
 208
 5,205
 98
 3,093
 47
Notes:
• Data Source: USDA-NRCS, National Planning and Agreements Database (NPAD), October 2021.
• Land unit acres may be counted multiple times across fiscal years.

More Information

The data in this report in CSV format (file includes all titles and table notes) can be downloaded here.

Selected data for RCA programs reports in excel format (machine readable flat files) can be found here.

Return to the RCA Data Viewer.

For more information about NRCS Conservation Programs, visit http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/

Citation for this website:
U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Financial Management Modernization Initiative (FMMI) 2012-2021 Data October 2021
Foundation Financial Information System (FFIS) 2009-2011 Data
National Planning and Agreements Database (NPAD) October 2021
Natural Resources Conservation Service, Washington, DC. 31 August 2022*
<http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/NRCS_RCA/reports/fb08_cp_whip.html>

*[use date the website was accessed]